Hellenistic Period

During the Hellenistic Period (323–31 BCE), the Kingdom of Pergamon emerged as one of the most powerful political and cultural centers in Anatolia. Under the reign of Eumenes II, the city experienced its golden age. The Pergamon Acropolis, built during this time, stood out with its monumental structures, theaters, temples, and the renowned library. The Library of Pergamon housed nearly 200,000 works and became one of the greatest centers of knowledge of the era. The invention of parchment paper in Pergamon further solidified its status as an intellectual capital of the ancient world.